GLP-1 drugs show promise for preoperative weight loss
Editor's Note Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists may offer orthopedic patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes a powerful tool for preoperative weight loss and potential disease modification, according to a July 10 review article in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. However, the agents carry perioperative risks that…
Study: Bariatric surgery leads to five times greater weight loss than GLP-1 drugs
Editor's Note Bariatric surgery produced five times greater weight loss than GLP-1 medications in a new study of over 51,000 patients with obesity, according to a June 18 article from Fox News. The retrospective study, funded by the NIH and conducted by researchers at NYU Langone Health and NYC Health…
Study: Language barriers raise sepsis death risk despite faster treatment
Editor's Note Patients hospitalized with sepsis who have limited English proficiency (LEP) face significantly higher odds of dying in the hospital even after accounting for multiple demographic and clinical factors, according to research presented at the American Thoracic Society International Conference by researchers from UC San Diego. Healio reported the…
New GLP-1 guidance urges longer fasting before anesthesia
Editor's Note Patients taking GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) do not need to discontinue these medications before undergoing anesthesia but should follow extended preoperative fasting protocols to reduce aspiration risk, according to a June 5 article in Medscape. As detailed in the article, this recommendation comes from a new multidisciplinary…
Study: SGLT2 inhibitors raise postop euglycemic ketoacidosis risk but lower mortality
Editor's Note Patients taking SGLT2 inhibitors face a higher risk of postoperative euglycemic ketoacidosis (eKA) but experience fewer acute kidney injuries and deaths after surgery, according to an April 30 article in Medical Xpress. The article focuses on new research published in JAMA Surgery. Led by researchers at the University…
Study: Bariatric surgery offers cost, survival benefits for cirrhosis patients
Editor's Note Bariatric surgery improves survival and appears cost-effective over a decade for patients with obesity and compensated cirrhosis, according to an April 18 report in Healio. The findings, based on an analysis published in JAMA Surgery, suggest that bariatric surgery could fill a crucial gap in care for this…
Study: GLP-1 drugs heighten risk of gastric residue but not perioperative pulmonary aspiration
Editor's Note Taking GLP-1 receptor agonists before anesthesia increases the risk of residual gastric contents, but evidence is lacking for a corresponding increase in perioperative pulmonary aspiration risk, according research published April 15 in the journal Anaesthesia. The systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed 28 observational studies involving over 466,000 patients…
Low-cost blood test predicts cardiovascular event risk
Editor's Note A low-cost blood test for troponin, a protein released during heart muscle damage, significantly improves long-term risk prediction for heart attacks and strokes—especially in patients with intermediate cardiovascular risk, according to an April 7 report from News-Medical.Net. The findings, based on a large-scale international study led by the…
Study: No significant link between GLP-1 drugs, postoperative aspiration pneumonia
Editor's Note Preoperative use of GLP-1 receptor agonists was not significantly associated with an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia or acute respiratory failure after surgery, according to a March 4 report in MedPage Today. The article focuses on a retrospective cohort study of over 366,000 surgical patients found no meaningful…
Study: Cataract surgery increases diabetic retinopathy progression
Editor's Note Cataract surgery raises the risk of worsening diabetic retinopathy in adults with type 2 diabetes, according to a February 24 article in MedPage Today. The article focused on a a retrospective analysis published in the journal Ophthalmology. The study involved a large dataset from the TriNetX research network,…
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